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Pokolbin, New South Wales

Coordinates: 32°47′54″S 151°17′4″E / 32.79833°S 151.28444°E / -32.79833; 151.28444
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Pokolbin
Cessnock, New South Wales
Sunset over a Pokolbin vineyard
Pokolbin vineyard
Pokolbin is located in New South Wales
Pokolbin
Pokolbin
Coordinates32°47′54″S 151°17′4″E / 32.79833°S 151.28444°E / -32.79833; 151.28444
Population1,049 (SAL 2021)[1]
 • DensityNote2
Established1800s
Postcode(s)2320
Time zoneAEST (UTC+10)
 • Summer (DST)AEDT (UTC+11)
Location
LGA(s)
RegionHunter[2][3]
CountyNorthumberland[4]
ParishPokolbin[4]
State electorate(s)Cessnock[5]
Federal division(s)Hunter[6]
Mean max temp[7] Mean min temp[7] Annual rainfall[7]
30 °C
86 °F		 3.8 °C
39 °F		 699.1 mm
27.5 in
Suburbs around Pokolbin:
Singleton Military Area Rothbury Rothbury
Singleton Military Area, Broke Pokolbin Nukalba
Broke Mount View Cessnock

Pokolbin /pəˈkoʊlbɪn/[8] is a rural locality in the Hunter Region of New South Wales Australia.[4] It is part of the Singleton Council local government area and the city of Cessnock.[2][3][9] The area is the centre of the Lower Hunter Valley wine region. Pokolbin lies within the Hunter Valley Important Bird Area.[10]

History

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The Darkinjung people (specifically the Wonarua tribe) originally inhabited the Cessnock area, including Pokolbin, for more than 3000 years. They were the major inhabitants at the time of European contact. This contact was disastrous for the Darkinjung people. Many were murdered or died as a result of European diseases. Others were forced onto neighbouring tribal territory and killed. Many lost the will to live and occupied shanty ghettos on the edge of white settlements. Settler pressure on land also constricted traditional tribal and clannish domains, often leading to tribal fighting.[11]

Viticulture in the Hunter Valley is often considered to have commenced with James Busby. In the 1820s he studied oenology, wrote a treatise and guidance manual on the subject and briefly taught viticulture at a Liverpool farm school. In 1831 he undertook a tour of French and Spanish vineyards which resulted in two published journals of the trip.[12] He returned with 570 cuttings of which 363 survived carefully wrapped in moss, sand and soil.[13] Half went to the newly established Royal Botanical Gardens in Sydney. The rest he took with him to the family estate of Kirkton, just north of Belford on the Hunter river run by his brother-in-law William Kelman. Also in 1828 George Wyndam planted vines at his Dalwood estate with the first shiraz being planted there in 1830.[14] The Drayton family established a vineyard at Pokolbin around the late 1850s and the Tyrrells Estate was set up in 1859 with Frederick Wilkinson planting vines at Oakdale in 1866. After the Robertson Land Act was introduced in 1861 the way was opened for small landholders and more people began to settle in the Rothbury/Pokolbin area.[12] The main farming activities were wheat, tobacco, dairy and grapes. By the 1930s the area was known for producing quality wines.

Wine

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Further information: Hunter Valley wine § Pokolbin

Pokolbin is surrounded by the Pokolbin subregion of the Hunter wine region, which includes numerous wineries, ranging from large multi-national to small family run operations, many of which are popular tourist destinations.[15]

Tourism

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A vineyard in Pokolbin

Tourist accommodation in the area is plentiful due to the wine industry and Pokolbin's proximity to Sydney, which is 163 km (101 mi) to the south, reached via the Pacific Motorway. Accommodation includes country resorts, golfing resorts, motels and guest houses and hostels. There are many local restaurants where visitors can try local wines.

Attractions

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Attractions in the Pokolbin area include numerous wineries and Pokolbin village. The Hunter Valley Gardens span over 25 hectares (62 acres) of land in the heart of the Hunter vineyards at the foot of the Brokenback Range, west of Cessnock.[16] Potters Brewery, established in 2002, is the Hunter's first microbrewery located in the heritage listed "Brick Beehive Kilns of Nulkaba".[17] The Great North Walk, a long-distance walking trail between Sydney and Newcastle, has an extension that goes to Pokolbin.

References

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  1. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Pokolbin (suburb and locality)". Australian Census 2021 QuickStats. Retrieved 28 June 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  2. ^ a b c "Suburb Search - Local Council Boundaries - Hunter (HT) - Cessnock City Council". New South Wales Division of Local Government. Archived from the original on 28 February 2015. Retrieved 13 August 2010.
  3. ^ a b c "Suburb Search - Local Council Boundaries - Hunter (HT) - Singleton Council". New South Wales Division of Local Government. Archived from the original on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 13 August 2010.
  4. ^ a b c "Pokolbin". Geographical Names Register (GNR) of NSW. Geographical Names Board of New South Wales. Retrieved 13 August 2010. Edit this at Wikidata
  5. ^ "The Legislative Assembly District of Cessnock". New South Wales Electoral Commission. 11 April 2024. Localities and postcodes. Archived from the original on 3 May 2024. Retrieved 23 November 2019. Aberdare, Abermain, Abernethy, Allandale, Barnsley, Belford, Bellbird, Bellbird Heights, Bishops Bridge, Black Hill, Branxton, Brunkerville, Buchanan, Bucketty, Buttai, Cameron Park, Cedar Creek, Cessnock, Cliftleigh, Congewai, Dairy Arm, Edgeworth, Ellalong, Elrington, Fernances Crossing, Greta, Greta Main, Heddon Greta, Holmesville, Kearsley, Keinbah, Kitchener, Kurri Kurri, Laguna, Lovedale, Loxford, Millfield, Milsons Arm, Mount View, Mount Vincent, Mulbring, Murrays Run, Narone Creek, Neath, North Rothbury, Nulkaba, Paxton, Paynes Crossing, Pelaw Main, Pelton, Pokolbin, Quorrobolong, Richmond Vale, Rothbury, Sawyers Gully, Seahampton, Stanford Merthyr, Stockrington, Sweetmans Creek, Watagan, West Wallsend, Weston, Wollombi.
  6. ^ "Profile of the electoral division of Hunter (NSW)". Australian Electoral Commission. 19 November 2019. Location Description. Archived from the original on 3 May 2024. Retrieved 13 August 2010. Hunter includes the Muswellbrook Shire Council, Singleton Council, Cessnock City Council (part) and Lake Macquarie City Council (part). The main towns include Broke, Cessnock, Denman, Mulbring, Muswellbrook, Paxton, Putty, Singleton, Widden and Wyee.
  7. ^ a b c "Cessnock Airport AWS". Climate statistics for Australian locations. Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 13 August 2010.
  8. ^ "Pokolbin wine ad (w Belinda Giblin) [1983]". YouTube. Retrieved 13 August 2010.
  9. ^ "Pokolbin". Land and Property Management Authority - Spatial Information eXchange. New South Wales Land and Property Information. Retrieved 13 August 2010.
  10. ^ "Lower Hunter Valley - This is an IBA in Danger!". datazone.birdlife.org. BirdLife International. Retrieved 10 March 2024.
  11. ^ "Cessnock LGA at a Glance". City of Cessnock. Archived from the original on 29 February 2008. Retrieved 22 March 2008.
  12. ^ a b "Pokolbin". 8 February 2004.
  13. ^ "Wine Companion".
  14. ^ McKinney, Judith Wright (1967). "Wyndham, George (1801–1870)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 2. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  15. ^ "Pokolbin". Visit NSW. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
  16. ^ "Hunter Valley Gardens". Retrieved 13 August 2010.
  17. ^ "Potters Hotel Brewery Resort". Retrieved 13 August 2010.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pokolbin, New South Wales.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Pokolbin.


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